Conwy Castle

Each of Edwards I's castles in Wales had a fortified borough dependent upon it enclosed by city walls with defended entrances. The town within the walls was an English colony, supplies from seaward in an emergency, but normally dependent upon the surrounding land. Conway Borough is still remarkably complete, although pierced by modern rail and road communications. Together with its castle, set in the landscape of the Welsh hills, it remains a magnificent example of large-scale military architectural planning.